Evaluation of Garlic Genotypes for Resistance to Thrips tabaci Lindeman
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55446/IJE.2021.259Keywords:
Thrips tabaci, Allium sativum, Varietal Resistance, Biochemical Resistance, Biophysical Traits, Antixenosis, Antibiosis, Tolerance, Susceptible, Phenol, Chlorophyll, Bulb Yield.Abstract
Nine genotypes of garlic were evaluated for their reaction to Thrips tabaci Lindeman under natural infestation and for host plant traits. Amongst genotypes, UHF G12-2 exhibited resistant reaction; G-282 and PGS-204 were found to be moderately resistant and G- 384, G-189, Bhima purple, PGVK-07 and G-304 were susceptible. The relationship between infestation and among leaf angle (r = -0.897**) and total phenol content (r= -0.836**) showed a significant negative correlation. Leaf damage revealed a weak negative correlation with leaf angle (r= -0.483) and total phenol content (r= -0.303). The plant height and number of leaves revealed a significant negative correlation with thrips damage (r= -0.796*) and nonsignificant negative one with thrips density. Total chlorophyll content showed a non-significant negative correlation with thrips density (r= -0.278) and damage (r= -0.597). Thus, the garlic cultivar UHF G 12-2 could be a promising genotype with resistance/ tolerance, having higher phenol content, total chlorophyll and bulb yield.
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AINRPOG. 2015. Annual Report of All India Network Research Project on Onion and Garlic (2014-15), Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune, Maharashtra.
Alimousavil S A, Hassandokht M R, Moharramipour S. 2007. Evaluation of Iranian onion germplasms for resistance to thrips. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 9: 897-900.
Arnon D. 1949. Estimation of total chlorophyll. Plant Physiology 24: 1-15.
Hiscox J T, Israelstam G F. 1979. A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Canadian Journal of Botany 57: 1332-1334.
Arantha K T N. 1980. Thrips in vectors of plant pathogens. Academic press, New York. 149-64 pp.
Bayan L, Koulivand P S, Gorji A. 2014. Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedcine 4: 1-14.
Butani K D, Verma S. 1976. Insect pests of vegetables and their control: Onion and garlic. Pesticides 10: 33-35.
Changela N B. 1993. Bionomics, population dynamics and chemical control of thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) on garlic. M Sc (Agri) thesis submitted to Gujarat Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar. 82-83 pp.
Coudriet D L, Kishaba A N, McCreight J D, Bohn G W. 1979. Varietal resistance in onions to thrips. Journal of Economic Entomology 72: 614-615.
da Silva V C P, Bettoni M M, Bona C, Foerster L. A. 2015. Morphological and chemical characteristics of onion plants (Allium cepa L.) associated with resistance to onion thrips. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy 37: 85-92.
Diaz-Montano J, Fuchs M, Nault B A, Shelton A M. 2010. Evaluation of onion genotypes for resistance to onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Iris yellow spot virus. Journal of Economic Entomology 103: 925-937.
FAO 2017. www. faostat. fao.org. Accessed October 2019.
Ferreria D O, Santos C A F, Oliveira V R, de Alencar J A, da Silva D O M. 2017. Evaluation of onion accessions for resistance to thrips in Brazilian semiarid regions. The Journal of Horticultural Sciences and Biotechnology 92: 550-558.
Ferruci L M, Daniel C R, Kapu K, Chadha P, Shetty H, Graubard B I. 2010. Measurement of spices and seasonings in India: Opportunities for cancer epidemiology and prevention. Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 11: 1621-1629.
Freir A, Gu H, Beuno J M, Cardona C, Dorn S. 2003. Antixenosis and antibiosis of common beans to Thrips palmi Karney (Thysonaptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 95: 1577-1584.
Gadad H, Hegde M, Balikai R A. 2014. Screening and biochemical analysis for resistance against groundnut thrips. Biochemical and Cellular Archives 14: 145-149.
Gill H K, Garg H, Gill A K, Jennifer L, Kaufman G, Nault B A. 2015. Onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) biology, ecology and management in onion production systems. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 6: DoI: 10.1093/jipm/pmv006.
Kandakoor S B, Khan H K, Chakravarthy A K, Kumar C T, Venkataravana P. 2014. Biochemical constituents influencing thrips resistance in groundnut germplasm. Journal of Environmental Biology 35: 675-681.
Karuppaiah V, Soumia P S, Gawande S J, Mahajan V, Singh, M. 2018. Influence of dibbling time and weather factors on seasonal dynamics of thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) on garlic in Maharashtra. Journal of Agrometeorology 20: 311-314.
Lawande K E, Khar A, Mahajan V, Srinivas P S, Sankar V, Singh R P. 2009 Onion and garlic research in India. Journal of Horticulture Science 4: 91-119.
Malik G, Mahajan V, Dhatt A S, Singh D B, Sharma A, Mir J I, Wani S H, Yousuf S, Shabir A, Malik A A. 2017. Present status and future prospects of garlic (Allium sativum L.) improvement in India with special reference to long day type. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 6: 929-933.
Mollema C, Cole R A. 1996. Low amino acid concentration in leaf protein determines resistance to Frankliniella occidentalis in four vegetable crops. Entomolgia Experimentalis et Applicata 78: 325-333.
Patel P B, Patel J J. 2012. Susceptibility of different garlic genotypes or genotypes to thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindman). An International e-Journal 1: 256-262.
Pinelo M, Rubilar M, Sineiro J, Nunez M. 2004. Extraction of antioxidant phenolics from almond hulls (Prunus amygdalus) and pine sawdust (Pinus pinaster). Food Chemistry 85: 267-273
Srinivasan R, Abney M R, Pin-Chu L, Culbreath A K, Tallury S, Soraya C, Bertioli M. 2018. Resistance to thrips in peanut and implication for management of thrips and thrips transmitted orthotospoviruses in peanut. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01604.AINRPOG. 2015. Annual Report of All India Network Research Project on Onion and Garlic (2014-15), Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune, Maharashtra.
Alimousavil S A, Hassandokht M R, Moharramipour S. 2007. Evaluation of Iranian onion germplasms for resistance to thrips. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 9: 897-900.
Arnon D. 1949. Estimation of total chlorophyll. Plant Physiology 24: 1-15.
Hiscox J T, Israelstam G F. 1979. A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Canadian Journal of Botany 57: 1332-1334.
Arantha K T N. 1980. Thrips in vectors of plant pathogens. Academic press, New York. 149-64 pp.
Bayan L, Koulivand P S, Gorji A. 2014. Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedcine 4: 1-14.
Butani K D, Verma S. 1976. Insect pests of vegetables and their control: Onion and garlic. Pesticides 10: 33-35.
Changela N B. 1993. Bionomics, population dynamics and chemical control of thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) on garlic. M Sc (Agri) thesis submitted to Gujarat Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar. 82-83 pp.
Coudriet D L, Kishaba A N, McCreight J D, Bohn G W. 1979. Varietal resistance in onions to thrips. Journal of Economic Entomology 72: 614-615.
da Silva V C P, Bettoni M M, Bona C, Foerster L. A. 2015. Morphological and chemical characteristics of onion plants (Allium cepa L.) associated with resistance to onion thrips. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy 37: 85-92.
Diaz-Montano J, Fuchs M, Nault B A, Shelton A M. 2010. Evaluation of onion genotypes for resistance to onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Iris yellow spot virus. Journal of Economic Entomology 103: 925-937.
FAO 2017. www. faostat. fao.org. Accessed October 2019.
Ferreria D O, Santos C A F, Oliveira V R, de Alencar J A, da Silva D O M. 2017. Evaluation of onion accessions for resistance to thrips in Brazilian semiarid regions. The Journal of Horticultural Sciences and Biotechnology 92: 550-558.
Ferruci L M, Daniel C R, Kapu K, Chadha P, Shetty H, Graubard B I. 2010. Measurement of spices and seasonings in India: Opportunities for cancer epidemiology and prevention. Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 11: 1621-1629.
Freir A, Gu H, Beuno J M, Cardona C, Dorn S. 2003. Antixenosis and antibiosis of common beans to Thrips palmi Karney (Thysonaptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 95: 1577-1584.
Gadad H, Hegde M, Balikai R A. 2014. Screening and biochemical analysis for resistance against groundnut thrips. Biochemical and Cellular Archives 14: 145-149.
Gill H K, Garg H, Gill A K, Jennifer L, Kaufman G, Nault B A. 2015. Onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) biology, ecology and management in onion production systems. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 6: DoI: 10.1093/jipm/pmv006.
Kandakoor S B, Khan H K, Chakravarthy A K, Kumar C T, Venkataravana P. 2014. Biochemical constituents influencing thrips resistance in groundnut germplasm. Journal of Environmental Biology 35: 675-681.
Karuppaiah V, Soumia P S, Gawande S J, Mahajan V, Singh, M. 2018. Influence of dibbling time and weather factors on seasonal dynamics of thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) on garlic in Maharashtra. Journal of Agrometeorology 20: 311-314.
Lawande K E, Khar A, Mahajan V, Srinivas P S, Sankar V, Singh R P. 2009 Onion and garlic research in India. Journal of Horticulture Science 4: 91-119.
Malik G, Mahajan V, Dhatt A S, Singh D B, Sharma A, Mir J I, Wani S H, Yousuf S, Shabir A, Malik A A. 2017. Present status and future prospects of garlic (Allium sativum L.) improvement in India with special reference to long day type. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 6: 929-933.
Mollema C, Cole R A. 1996. Low amino acid concentration in leaf protein determines resistance to Frankliniella occidentalis in four vegetable crops. Entomolgia Experimentalis et Applicata 78: 325-333.
Patel P B, Patel J J. 2012. Susceptibility of different garlic genotypes or genotypes to thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindman). An International e-Journal 1: 256-262.
Pinelo M, Rubilar M, Sineiro J, Nunez M. 2004. Extraction of antioxidant phenolics from almond hulls (Prunus amygdalus) and pine sawdust (Pinus pinaster). Food Chemistry 85: 267-273
Srinivasan R, Abney M R, Pin-Chu L, Culbreath A K, Tallury S, Soraya C, Bertioli M. 2018. Resistance to thrips in peanut and implication for management of thrips and thrips transmitted orthotospoviruses in peanut. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01604.
